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Finding Cures. Saving Children.
2008 Science Stories
Read 2008 Science Stories. Click on the links to the left to see past stories.
St. Jude scientists have answered a central question in cancer biology: whether normal stem cells can give rise to tumors.
Scientists at St. Jude have discovered that a certain differentiated cell type is so ready to change its identity that it requires the constant expression of a gene called Prox1 to dissuade it.
St. Jude researchers have isolated mutant strains of yeast that are hypersensitive to an anti-cancer drug, which could aid the design of new drugs against cancer and bacteria that are more potent with fewer side effects.
St. Jude investigators have discovered that immune system cells that engulf and destroy germs in the body enlist help for this task from a common housekeeping mechanism most cells use to keep their interiors healthy. This finding is likely to help researchers understand how the body defends itself against infections and how cancer cells can resist chemotherapy drugs before they have a chance to work.
Scientists at St. Jude have identified distinctive genetic changes that cause relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Scientists at St. Jude have gained new insights into regulation of one of the body’s enzyme workhorses called calpains.
Clinicians treating young males who have brain cancer might be able to make therapy safer for the developing bones of these patients.
St. Jude scientists have discovered a mechanism by which intracellular pathogens can shut down one of the body’s key chemical weapons against them: nitric oxide.
A new combination of anti-cancer drugs, when integrated into an existing treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, causes reduced risk for side effects in children than the conventional regimen.
A team of scientists at St. Jude have gained new insight into the function of DNA topoisomerase 1 (Top1). This finding may yield a new approach to anti-cancer drugs that can jam the function of this enzyme and kill cancer cells.
St. Jude researchers have designed an efficient route to synthesizing a new type of anti-cancer drug, based on a chemical that bacteria use as a weapon against organisms they infect. The initial versions of the new drugs show significant activity against a range of cancer cells.
The drug bevacizumab is widely used to inhibit blood vessel growth in tumors, starving them of oxygen and nutrients. St. Jude researchers have found that the drug also shows promise for attacking neuroblastoma cells themselves.
Scientists at St. Jude have shown that it might be possible to make tumor cells more sensitive to irradiation and some types of chemotherapy by treating them with a drug that cripples their ability to repair DNA damage caused by these therapies.
St. Jude investigators have found that a protein called Puma, which normally protects the body by triggering cancer cells to commit suicide through a process called apoptosis, is suppressed in Burkitt lymphoma.
St. Jude scientists have identified one of the molecular mechanisms underlying the genetic brain malformation called holoprosencephaly (HPE). The findings not only yield insights into the most common developmental malformation of the anterior brain and face in newborns, but also help in understanding the intricate process by which the brain forms in the developing fetus.
In a new study, St. Jude researchers have gained insight into how pneumococcus, the primary cause of pneumonia, uses a particular piece of stolen genetic material to render it more virulent.
St. Jude researchers have discovered an intriguing insight into how T cells, the immune system’s master regulatory cells, wage war on the body’s own tissues in such autoimmune disorders as multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis.
A small hike in funding for pediatric cancer care could significantly boost survival rates in low- and middle-income nations, according to an international team lead by St. Jude.
A new combination of two anti-cancer drugs offers promise in treating recurrent and treatment-resistant bone cancer in children.
A St. Jude study shows that T cells, the body’s master immune regulators, do not use simple on/off switches to govern the cellular machinery that regulates their development and function.
The supportive care of children suffering from early complications of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has greatly reduced their death rate, according to a new St. Jude study.
The lack of a single protein usually thought of as a run-of-the-mill enzyme that helps to recycle molecules in cells causes an incurable and often fatal disease of children. Children with this disease, called sialidosis, suffer from enlarged spleens and often develop vision problems, loss of coordination and seizures, among other symptoms. The patients generally die within the first few years of life.
St. Jude investigators have shown that children under 3 years old who have a brain tumor called diffuse pontine glioma (DPG) appear to have a better outcome than older children with the same cancer.
Children with bilateral Wilms tumor can retain normal function in both kidneys by undergoing a procedure called bilateral nephron-sparing surgery, even when preoperative scans suggest that the tumors are inoperable.
St. Jude investigators have discovered a dance of proteins that protects certain cells from undergoing apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death.
Clinicians have achieved a gratifyingly high success rate in treating childhood leukemias — a major challenge is to improve treatment of central nervous system (CNS) leukemia.
St. Jude investigators and collaborators have shown how to predict if a child who is infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) while being treated for cancer or another catastrophic disease is at high risk for developing severe infection.
A discovery by St. Jude scientists suggests a safer way to treat medulloblastoma, a rare but often fatal childhood brain tumor. The group found that one of the brain’s signaling pathways inhibits the growth of the highly aggressive cancer cells.
Scientists at St. Jude have discovered an important signaling molecule that puts the brakes on a rogue immune response. The discovery could have applications for a host of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, including type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s disease and asthma. The finding could also have exciting ramifications for fighting cancer.
St. Jude investigators have discovered that immune system cells that engulf and destroy germs in the body enlist help for this task from a common housekeeping mechanism most cells use to keep their interiors healthy.
A gene called N-Myc leads a double life in certain white blood cells when it is overexpressed, helping to trigger a cancer called acute myeloid leukemia (AML) under some conditions while triggering apoptosis, or cell suicide, under other conditions, according to results of a study done by St. Jude investigators.
When St. Jude shares clinical trials internationally, there is much more involved than just sending a set of directions to clinicians in another nation.
Richard Webby, PhD, an associate member in Infectious Diseases, has been named director of the World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza Viruses in Lower Animals and Birds.
People investing their time and effort into “green” technology to replace old power plants that spew pollution into the environment might be envious of the humble human cell.
A discovery by St. Jude scientists offers new insights into how myeloma cells dispose of defective or excess proteins. This finding could lead to new cancer treatments.
