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Finding Cures. Saving Children.
Disease Information
Inherited Immunodeficiencies: Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)
Alternate Names: CVID
Definition
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is an immune system disorder which typically affects males and females in the third or fourth decade of life. However, it may also be seen in children. It is characterized by low levels of antibodies (another name for immunoglobulins) in the blood stream and an increased susceptibility to infections.
The diagnosis of common variable immunodeficiency is suspected when the patient has low levels of antibodies in the blood stream, a poor immune response to vaccines, and a history of recurrent infections. Patients with CVID develop recurrent infections of the sinuses, ears, nose and lungs. They may also develop enlarged lymph nodes (palpable glands in the neck and groin) or an enlarged spleen. Infections of the gastrointestinal tract may also occur. Individuals with CVID have an increased incidence of malignant lymphomas and autoimmune disorders such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Influencing Factors
Pattern of Inheritance
Genetic factors do play a part in the development of common variable immunodeficiency. However, there is no single gene mutation (mistake) that can be identified. Environmental factors may also influence the development of CVID.
Treatment Strategies
Treatment for common variable immunodeficiency includes monthly infusions of gammaglobulin (IVIG) and oral antibiotics to prevent infections. Prognosis is variable and may depend on the severity of lung disease prior to diagnosis and the occurrence of autoimmune disease or malignancy. Patients are encouraged to lead a healthy lifestyle, which includes good nutrition and regular exercise.
The St. Jude Web site is designed for educational purposes only and is not engaged in rendering medical advice or professional services. The information provided through this site should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or a disease. It is not a substitute for professional care. If you have or suspect you may have a health problem, you should consult your health care provider.
